What does the DEXA scan measure?

The DEXA scan, or Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry scan, is a specialized imaging technique primarily used to measure bone mineral density (BMD). This scan is crucial in assessing skeletal health, particularly in diagnosing conditions such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, which are characterized by low bone density and increased fracture risk. By using two different X-ray beams, the DEXA scan can provide a precise measurement of the amount of bone mineral present in specific areas of the body, usually the spine and hips, which are common sites for fractures.

This focus on bone mineral density is essential for orthopedic nursing, as it helps in monitoring patients who may be at risk for bone loss due to factors like age, hormonal changes, or certain medical conditions. The information gained from a DEXA scan can guide treatment decisions, such as the necessity for medications, dietary adjustments, or lifestyle changes aimed at improving bone health.

The other options—muscle mass, joint flexibility, and fat percentage—are assessed using different methods and tools that do not involve DEXA. For example, muscle mass can be evaluated using techniques such as bioelectrical impedance analysis or imaging methods like MRI and CT scans, joint flexibility is often measured through physical assessments